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OpenID Connect Hybrid Flow

Specifying any of the following response_type values in an authorization request selects the hybrid flow for authentication:

To understand how the response_type value specified in an authorization request selects the hybrid flow to be the authentication flow, let's take a look at the following response_type values in detail.

code token

This response_type requests a code and an access token from the authorization endpoint.

The following sample authorization request uses code token as the response_type :

https://<AUTHORIZATION_ENDPOINT>?response_type=code token&client_id=<CLIENT_ID>&nonce=asd&redirect_uri=<CALLBACK_URL>&scope=openid

You will receive the following sample response upon successful authorization:

xxxxxxx#access_token=1940a308-d492-3660-a9f8-46723cc582e9&code=99b34587-5483-374d-8b25-50485498e761&token_type=Bearer&expires_in=299999&session_state=baae9a71cdabe38b4643b9d59bd9f65ffaf5a9b8c453f4256c085e5a1c57e624.-EA3ZqPzLvsk25CKmt56YA

You can send the code to the token endpoint to request for an access token, refresh token and ID token. The following curl command is used to request tokens from the token endpoint:

curl -k -v — user <CLIENT_ID>:<CLIENT_SECRET> -d "grant_type=authorization_code&code=99b34587–5483–374d-8b25–50485498e761&redirect_uri=<CALLBACK_URL>" <TOKEN_ENDPOINT>

You will receive the following response from the token endpoint.

{
    "access_token":"1940a308-d492–3660-a9f8–46723cc582e9",
    "refresh_token":"6b96cc3a-00da-3d7d-acd1–5aaf76dcd9d4",
    "scope":"openid",
    "id_token":"eyJ4NXQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJraWQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJhdF9oYXNoIjoiSnJaWTlNdFlWRUlJSlV4LUREQm13dyIsInN1YiI6ImFkbWluIiwiYXVkIjpbIm5jemJnNW01eHh0NnRQNFVNWndCNlB0UW9Rb2EiXSwiYXpwIjoibmN6Ymc1bTV4eHQ2dFA0VU1ad0I2UHRRb1FvYSIsImlzcyI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9sb2NhbGhvc3Q6OTQ0M1wvb2F1dGgyXC90b2tlbiIsImV4cCI6MTUxMDgzMTAxMCwibm9uY2UiOiJhc2QiLCJpYXQiOjE1MTA4MzEwMDd9.XKV0ioEvflR4MHGthO3cwXwC88msNgqR4l1O83mfhxOMtO1PG3ABWB5E4aFXFpR9t-8zJs09slhLsDTDhmC33KE8Die61UK9_Vb5aNA4XCkawyJt8dCX6clc6UUbTEO5N1ubXA18QFgwAEWpvoTz1hKx8XLnvOSehbdEKsoPunoHDmXpYJe_9hBg5V3kN-VHxdKdGOtl9u-Aml42s5p45cZY0mlFVcKjatBAf7hqWNPlUebyujDWG1Iyk_-AXNQ2wYi0F77uG7_HstP_tp0sOctu0TYCK8bwBTXEJYMPt1CqOqcae05m8N8hb0zs6Yxvyx_udCJPG-8n2zRB-T-kcg",
    "token_type":"Bearer",
    "expires_in":299494
}

The decrypted id_token is shown below.

{
 "at_hash": "JrZY9MtYVEIIJUx-DDBmww",
 "sub": "admin",
 "aud": [
 "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa"
 ],
 "azp": "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa",
 "iss": "https://localhost:9443/oauth2/token",
 "exp": 1510831010,
 "nonce": "asd",
 "iat": 1510831007
}

There may be instances where two access tokens are received; one from the authorization endpoint, and the other from the token endpoint. These two access tokens may or may not be the same.

code id_token

This response_type requests a code and an ID token from the authorization endpoint.

The following authorization request uses the code token as the response_type.

<AUTHORIZATION_ENDPOINT>?response_type=code id_token&client_id=<CLIENT_ID>&nonce=asd&redirect_uri=<CALLBACK_URL>&scope=openid

You will receive the following sample response upon successful authorization.

xxxxxxx?code=16fd899f-5f0c-3114-875e-2547b629cd05&id_token=eyJ4NXQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJraWQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJhdF9oYXNoIjoiSnJaWTlNdFlWRUlJSlV4LUREQm13dyIsImNfaGFzaCI6IlM1VU9YUk5OeVlzSTZaMEczeHhkcHciLCJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImF1ZCI6WyJuY3piZzVtNXh4dDZ0UDRVTVp3QjZQdFFvUW9hIl0sImF6cCI6Im5jemJnNW01eHh0NnRQNFVNWndCNlB0UW9Rb2EiLCJpc3MiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvbG9jYWxob3N0Ojk0NDNcL29hdXRoMlwvdG9rZW4iLCJleHAiOjE1MTA4MzE1MTIsIm5vbmNlIjoiYXNkIiwiaWF0IjoxNTEwODMxNTA4fQ.BsiXZwP_EFnNH-5r01z4P18OZbVY1WHOD1GSTrDa4-TxcSEuMOlvIQA54Poy0hUS8RCP46XB-WhUaOHQpvsHBj6CUCkNWAqJj5F-TetXUhONhnI0Hp7K3zofa_E5-ucFmUoKVwk-wFAMakKziIsX9P8v9-mi2kPlQPDyS3i7tkRlABS5emgbOSHxNsoKjdaglLT78zdARMFfF0i0oaDyRv9nfZIgSZJE1Qec99DA7engA43NJQCB1vMjF9Qruefyyjtq2abaLLRG6Yh6NeWDyIXkjjbHEcKxzBsKU6VqL84DqHHYFUwZ1nL2aLon1kHXUHgGfuhuBJ5qIwEtbZrQLw#session_state=d96bad64e37e82196898a824082aafbdd945c922e7d40cb4e0013d9fad6d68c8.o0_m4GJ1YJvNUUqg8k3LrQ

The decrypted id token is shown below.

{
 "at_hash": "JrZY9MtYVEIIJUx-DDBmww",
 "c_hash": "S5UOXRNNyYsI6Z0G3xxdpw",
 "sub": "admin",
 "aud": [
 "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa"
 ],
 "azp": "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa",
 "iss": "https://localhost:9443/oauth2/token",
 "exp": 1510831512,
 "nonce": "asd",
 "iat": 1510831508
}

Tip

Here, the ID token is required to have a c_hash value.

c_hash is the base64url encoding of the left-most half of a hash of the octets in the ASCII representation of a code value, where the hash algorithm used is the hash algorithm of the alg header parameter of the ID token’s JOSE header.

The c_hash value is mandatory when an id_token is issued with code, and the response_type is equal to code id_token or code id_token token .

You can send the code to the token endpoint to request for an access token, refresh token, and ID token. For this you can use the same curl To request for an access token, refresh token, and id token, send the code to the token endpoint. You can use the same curl command that was provided for the code id_token.

The sample response from token endpoint is shown below.

{
    "access_token":"1940a308-d492–3660-a9f8–46723cc582e9",
    "refresh_token":"6b96cc3a-00da-3d7d-acd1–5aaf76dcd9d4",
    "scope":"openid",
    "id_token":"eyJ4NXQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJraWQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJhdF9oYXNoIjoiSnJaWTlNdFlWRUlJSlV4LUREQm13dyIsInN1YiI6ImFkbWluIiwiYXVkIjpbIm5jemJnNW01eHh0NnRQNFVNWndCNlB0UW9Rb2EiXSwiYXpwIjoibmN6Ymc1bTV4eHQ2dFA0VU1ad0I2UHRRb1FvYSIsImlzcyI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9sb2NhbGhvc3Q6OTQ0M1wvb2F1dGgyXC90b2tlbiIsImV4cCI6MTUxMDgzMjI3MSwibm9uY2UiOiJhc2QiLCJpYXQiOjE1MTA4MzIyNjd9.jAGLp8FFdIyFi4ZmvRPX9hVu8NbLVL2iM1895UNrS7wqgl2PCi7zHnvBoOYkbsxxMYGoVepFNzz7hHbk-kuzq_kBoBsZK2Ucbv0hUkwiEkigLy6hpGm-mqXjai3cjlJevWOVcZbMhkEyRlsZtdUG0RCzteT7emAuZLFm5zfMpq1h5JsVRGjK_6fQbHhB2Svkl_kV_ctAD8_kymASGEjRGnwGW5np4uBI0NPYMDTvrl8N9i6yfUVD9-y7rL9Gtrq9hK28Swj5Szvv_c1IX8wYBP-p8gu2cBpGIulIq-OkbfCUh-rrbh96relOaKwKwk0g7nST6o6wZTAwaicNQBYHYw",
    "token_type":"Bearer",
    "expires_in":298234
}

The decrypted id_token is shown below. 

{
 "at_hash": "JrZY9MtYVEIIJUx-DDBmww",
 "sub": "admin",
 "aud": [
 "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa"
 ],
 "azp": "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa",
 "iss": "https://localhost:9443/oauth2/token",
 "exp": 1510832271,
 "nonce": "asd",
 "iat": 1510832267
}
In case there are two ID tokens issued; where one ID token is from the authorization endpoint, and the other is from the token endpoint, be sure to perform the following validations based on the OpenID Connect specification.

  1. Ensure that the iss and sub claim values are identical in the two id tokens .
  2. If any of the ID tokens contain claims about the end user, and are present in both, the values of the claims should be the same in both.
  3. All claims about the authentication event that is present in either token should be present in both.
  4. The at_hash and c_hash claims may be omitted from the ID token returned from the token endpoint even when the claims are present in the ID token returned from the authorization endpoint.

code id_token token

This response_type requests a code, an access token and an ID token from the authorization endpoint.

A sample authorization request that uses code id_token token as the response_type is shown below.

<AUTHORIZATION_ENDPOINT>?response_type=code id_token token&client_id=<CLIENT_ID>&nonce=asd&redirect_uri=<CALLBACK_URL>&scope=openid

You will recieve the following response upon successful authorization.

xxxxxxx#access_token=1940a308-d492-3660-a9f8-46723cc582e9&code=55aa698d-ac3b-30ec-b4ca-f5e803590a4b&id_token=eyJ4NXQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJraWQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJhdF9oYXNoIjoiSnJaWTlNdFlWRUlJSlV4LUREQm13dyIsImNfaGFzaCI6IlhDUnVTMmhFT0JfM0hkeG9FM0pxT2ciLCJzdWIiOiJhZG1pbiIsImF1ZCI6WyJuY3piZzVtNXh4dDZ0UDRVTVp3QjZQdFFvUW9hIl0sImF6cCI6Im5jemJnNW01eHh0NnRQNFVNWndCNlB0UW9Rb2EiLCJpc3MiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvbG9jYWxob3N0Ojk0NDNcL29hdXRoMlwvdG9rZW4iLCJleHAiOjE1MTA4MzMxNjQsIm5vbmNlIjoiYXNkIiwiaWF0IjoxNTEwODMzMTYwfQ.WgpDf07dDVqrJRBbe_EqLYAfuRQQ1GkBJzgxaIczLTU_e-HasS6e24l75P0Csv0i2gUXk_H9d8zyJ6zalp2geBUmJ1wXLJtELrp-wvVaHVj-_aLHXM_8bsjL-BTj_f-OUEpGiDsPh19GxcMWw6hOubM0JKMh6ZWbF_A7-7RWwlh3vvRSjHhzhWypfjfP1NGTByjICJWF31AbGgfBy7OUUDhOIURYZM0m5u0fmvvD4O8qah1zjTxUL6mLaalOZ7QNppPU7SmPgeSQnfNsxy5KCA_N1vYyNLxzs3NitcCZAOQ88XU2AF-W4Sykay0tp1qiI35mqHg2cYinNPEdrnCYyQ&token_type=Bearer&expires_in=297341&session_state=872ac70304690624d4b3e2c705b5f452043be5f758ddd2487aa193730d9ef809.IwoAA6ua4m5CRth0erWuxA

The decrypted id token is shown below.

{
 "at_hash": "JrZY9MtYVEIIJUx-DDBmww",
 "c_hash": "XCRuS2hEOB_3HdxoE3JqOg",
 "sub": "admin",
 "aud": [
 "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa"
 ],
 "azp": "nczbg5m5xxt6tP4UMZwB6PtQoQoa",
 "iss": "https://localhost:9443/oauth2/token",
 "exp": 1510833164,
 "nonce": "asd",
 "iat": 1510833160
}

You can send the code to the token endpoint to request for an access token, refresh token, and ID token. You can use the same curl command provided for the code token specified above.

The sample response that will receive on token endpoint is shown below.

{
    "access_token":"1940a308-d492–3660-a9f8–46723cc582e9",
    "refresh_token":"6b96cc3a-00da-3d7d-acd1–5aaf76dcd9d4",
    "scope":"openid",
    "id_token":"eyJ4NXQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJraWQiOiJOVEF4Wm1NeE5ETXlaRGczTVRVMVpHTTBNekV6T0RKaFpXSTRORE5sWkRVMU9HRmtOakZpTVEiLCJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiJ9.eyJhdF9oYXNoIjoiSnJaWTlNdFlWRUlJSlV4LUREQm13dyIsInN1YiI6ImFkbWluIiwiYXVkIjpbIm5jemJnNW01eHh0NnRQNFVNWndCNlB0UW9Rb2EiXSwiYXpwIjoibmN6Ymc1bTV4eHQ2dFA0VU1ad0I2UHRRb1FvYSIsImlzcyI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9sb2NhbGhvc3Q6OTQ0M1wvb2F1dGgyXC90b2tlbiIsImV4cCI6MTUxMDgzMzMwNywibm9uY2UiOiJhc2QiLCJpYXQiOjE1MTA4MzMzMDN9.k69ufNIJHJHb6foeRSMVoJsgAWz0q65_8R6Lhz-tIW-tdLDI7eNg3kSL5-S2T3uFn7XFvn113wEWvCS8X3JBCIPMAFCmGBCR_L5pCh_OO6_xQeZyfa0fx_R27kZ9EIW5u0WSSjlpzzvr_50YldCfXMhZASjZlA5sCZ9BReyhkEUW_kSCWUDJEPaFQqgKVNfnRmr1q4N2lJwXPHjjE-4BcTMxKY87mqFzq_HVdXc1SRVIG0iuWkiYaD34pK8ZI12GFGSmOpDzhYb06uxrR8GC4jpq_WHMvMKrPrLaoVkEFaqomgxLIOJaNZJzqpe3wlaWM952eTndpSW0HSR5kgZgmw",
    "token_type":"Bearer",
    "expires_in":297198
}

In case there are two ID tokens issued, where one ID token is from authorization endpoint and other is from token endpoint, be sure to perform the validations based on the OpenID Connect, mentioned above.

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